Basic human rights apply equally to both men and women. They are the preservative of many social problems and the main mover of the progress of mankind. With their help, you can always count on freedom of expression, the ability to choose the religion you want to profess, the provision of necessary medical care, and so on.

However, we are witnessing the triumph of law and human values in democratic countries while the governments of some states openly neglect them. As a rule, it applies to countries with an autocratic or theocratic form of government.

As a rule, democratic changes come to these countries much later, and the government prefers to stick to largely archaic norms and follow traditions that hardly have a place in a modern civilized society. There are many reasons for this: from the banal convenience when you do not need to spend resources on reformation to the ability to hold power in the country.

Considering the restrictions on rights and freedoms in a global sense, we can note that in most cases, we are talking about women due to various demographic, socio-cultural, religious, and other reasons.

And it is not even related, for example, to the gambling sphere when in some countries, you can not simply click to learn more about Play Fortuna here and pick the game you like without using anonymizers or VPNs. In this case, we are talking about a violation of truly basic human freedoms.

Six Examples of Ridiculous Restrictions of Women’s Rights

Below, you can learn more about the most remarkable cases of violation of women’s freedoms in different countries. It is important not only to understand the current situation but also to be able to change it for the better.

Road safety rules

In this case, we are talking about a situation observed in some regions of India where the safety road rules do not apply to women. As a result, the female population is completely spared the need to fasten safety belts or wear helmets.

As a result, the number of motorcycle and car accident victims is significantly more than it could be if the safety rules were followed. The reason for this situation many researchers call the depreciation of a woman’s life in the country, which is a common cultural tradition.

Legal restrictions

Surprisingly, in Yemen, a woman still cannot act as a full witness to a crime. Currently, the country’s police cannot accept the penance of a woman if she is unmarried. The identical situation is if any other man does not support her words. Moreover, women cannot generally testify against men regarding adultery, sodomy, theft, and so on. More information, with specific examples and cases, you can find in Freedom House’s 2005 report.

Abortion restrictions

Until now, Ecuador has rules that can hardly exist in the twenty-first century. The fact is that according to the legislation, women are forbidden to have abortions, except for two cases: if she is an “idiot” or if she is “demented”. Of course, at the official level, they use more polite formulations like “mentally ill”, but this does not change the essence of the problem.

There are two extremely negative consequences of these archaic rules. Firstly, abortions still exist but are made illegally, which means higher risks to a woman’s health. In addition, according to this rule, the appropriate authorities have legal rights to criminalize miscarriages.

If you want more information and want to learn the topic deeper, you can check the NATO Library. You can find many articles on this topic with relevant information, official research, statistics, and more.

Charge with crimes for rape victims

Unfortunately, in many countries (for example, Saudi Arabia and Morocco), there is still no way to legally protect victims of sexual violence. However, some states have decided to go beyond this and criminalize victims of rape.

In this case, they are guided by the fact that a woman should not be left alone with a man who is not her relative or leave the house alone. As a result, we can observe sad situations when the court obliges victims to marry rapists. It also leads to a high level of suicides.

Restriction of freedom of movement

In this case, we are again talking about Yemen. Until now, women in this country cannot go out of their homes on their own. The only exception is emergencies. Despite the wide coverage of this problem in society, so far, it has not been possible to achieve any meaningful liberalization of the situation.

Prohibition on driving

Until recently, women in Saudi Arabia were not allowed to drive. However, the government was forced to make concessions due to mass protests and actions. Despite some liberalization, women still face difficulties and obstacles before getting a driving license.

Conclusions

As seen from the review, there are still several countries where women’s rights are either significantly limited or practically non-existent. And this is not about restrictions, for example, on watching adult content or the ability to find out what is the best slot site without using a VPN or an anonymizer. Such restrictions negatively affect women’s quality of life and sometimes directly threaten their health.

Of course, it is difficult to imagine such a thing in the 21st century, but the reality is that democratic values have not been implemented everywhere. These issues of basic freedoms are among the most pressing and are actively fought by activists worldwide.

Despite the increase in progressive women among the female population of such countries, some problems cannot be solved quickly. The reason for this is the diversity of the problem. The fact is that the countries where women face injustice, as a rule, strictly follow the norms and traditions that have been preserved since ancient times.

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The entertainment industry has been available exclusively for men for a long time. Here we are talking about a full-fledged entry into the industry, the opportunity to occupy leadership positions, have equal conditions for moving up the career ladder, and so on.

Undoubtedly, much has been achieved thanks to the struggle of women for their rights and the process of liberalization. For example, if we look at historical facts and the development of the entertainment industry, then in 1600, there was a ban on women participating in theater plays.

They could not participate in various performances because society considered such activity shameful and condemned. As a result, men took on the role of women as well. Nowadays, both genders can use their talents and skills to make a name for themselves and become famous.

However, in our time, there are still many stereotypes and prejudices associated with women in the development field. In order to completely get rid of these gaps, it is first necessary to understand how they manifest themselves and what they are associated with. You can find out more about this below.

Types of Inequalities and Stereotypes

Undoubtedly, art has come a rather long and thorny path during which women have faced restrictions and infringements associated with multiple socio-cultural, religious, and other stereotypes and prejudices. Many of them have already been finally overcome, but a few still exist. Ans you can learn more about them in the sections below.

Age perception

Another name for this problem is ageism. It is currently a widespread problem faced by the entertainment industry. The fact is that with age, female actresses often experience more pressure from management or colleagues. However, the reverse situation is also common when young women become victims of ageism, referring, for example, to a lack of experience.

According to statistics, this problem is one of the reasons for the shorter career period for women (usually around 11-15 years). If we look at actors over 40, a man is likelier to get a role in a film than a woman. Men are less likely to face this problem and more often receive offers for filming. This issue is repeatedly raised by various human rights organizations and is the subject of study and highlighting in the mass media.

Wage gap

In this case, we are talking about the salary difference between men and women. As statistics show, in many countries, there is a difference in wages between men and women. At the same time, a woman can have the necessary skills, abilities, and education as her male colleague.

In 2019, experts from the Payscale organization made a thorough and multi-layered study on this topic. As it turned out, the average woman earns only 79 cents for every dollar earned by men. This amount may seem insignificant, but on the scale of the whole industry, it is a huge amount of money. As a result, women put in more effort to be at least on the same level as their male counterparts.

Racial inequality

It is another problem that is acute in modern society. Even though people have come a long and difficult way from outright oppression of the black population and Jim Crow laws, for many, there are still obstacles that prevent (especially women) from holding certain positions. As proof for this phenomenon may be regular protests and various actions in society.

A study made by UCLA’s Chicano Studies department shows that women with a color code other than white are less likely to get roles in movies, TV series, or TV shows. Of course, the situation may differ depending on a certain film company, but in general, about 69% of roles are provided (or “reserved”) for white actors in the industry.

This problem also applies to wages. While men earn more than women, black women earn even less. Unfortunately, colorism and sexism still go hand in hand.

Lack of presentation

This issue is one of the main targets of many activists who fight for the rights of women, in particular in this industry. Now we can confidently say that the time had passed (fortunately) when women were not allowed to work in the entertainment industry.

However, if you check the main pool of actors represented in popular films, serials, and so on, they are mainly represented by male individuals. Even more interesting is the distribution and type of roles. For example, following gender stereotypes, women mostly get roles in love and theatrical films. Men, in turn, occupy most of the various action movies, sci-fi films, and so on.

As another striking example, you can look at the report made by the New York Film Academy. The experts studied the gender composition of various departments and obtained the following data:

1. The visual effects department (one of the largest in most movies) employs about 17% of women.
2. The situation in the sound department is even worse – no more than 16%.
3. The leader of the “negative” rating was the operator’s profession and everything related to the electrician – no more than 5%.

And this is about Hollywood, where it would seem that inequality should not exist. So, despite the positive dynamics, society still has much to strive for.

Conclusions

Society has come a long way from when outright discrimination against women was eliminated. At present, they can occupy various positions in different industries, particularly in the sphere of entertainment.

However, it does not mean that the problem has been resolved completely. There has been an uneven distribution of salaries, prejudices about age, and so on. Currently, these problems are the main objects of the struggle of activists and various organizations for women’s rights.

Given the current trend, gender inequality issues can be overcome in the near future, and society will come to a real balance.

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Human rights are fundamental to us simply because we are human beings. These rights embody the basic key values like equality, respect, fairness, and dignity. It is a significant way to ensure the protection of human beings, particularly the strata that are most vulnerable to neglect, abuse, and isolation. Above all, human rights allow us the freedom and power to speak for ourselves and stand against poor treatment from any opposing authority. 

How did basic human rights come into being? 

After the Second World War, numerous covenants and declarations started articulating human rights that would be accepted universally. All the countries agreed on the list of inalienable human rights for the first time in 1948. Following that, the UN General Assembly took up the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, commonly referred to as UDHR which is hailed as a milestone that has deeply influenced human rights law, developed subsequently. 

After around two decades, in 1966, the United Nations General Assembly took up two international treaties that have further aided the shaping of international human rights. They are the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights. Together, these two are termed the international covenants, which together with the UDHR are instrumental in the creation of the International Bill of Human Rights. 

What are the basic human rights? 

As per the covenants of the United Nations, thirty human rights have been recognized and followed across the globe. It is important to understand the seven fundamental human rights:

1. The right to life

This right dictates that no person or entity, including the government in power, has the right to take anybody’s life. It also tells that it is the responsibility of the governing authority to take appropriate steps to protect the lives of the individuals by making suitable laws and also protecting people when their life is in danger. 

2. The right to settle and have family

It is the basic human right to marry and settle with a family. This particular right is closely associated with the right that ensures respect for the family as well as private life. 

3. The right to be considered equal in the eyes of the law

Every individual is endowed with the right to recognition as an individual before the law. All citizens have the right to experience their individual human rights without any kind of discrimination. Every individual is considered the same before the law and is bound by law to receive equal protection without any discrimination. 

4. The right to privacy

An important and effective way to protect human beings as well as society at large against all kinds of unjustified and arbitrary use of power is to reduce the amount of information that goes out to the general public. The right to privacy also protects us from people who are trying to exert control. 

5. The right to freedom of thought, religion, opinion, and expression

All individuals are given the right to choose their religion and conscience. And people can also change their beliefs or religion, and manifest his/ her belief and religion, in worship and observance. 

6. The right to work

This concept allows people to work or engage in any kind of employment and no power can prevent them from doing so. 

7. The right to receive education

Enjoying a civil life is impossible without receiving a basic education and this fundamental right is crucial for the all-round development of an individual. This right ensures that quality education is the right of all people without any sort of discrimination. It indicates free and compulsory primary school education for all children along with secondary schooling which includes technical training that the state should partly sponsor or provide for free. 

Why are human rights important? 

The Declaration of Human Rights was mainly due to the Holocaust and the impact of the Second World War. The most vulnerable sect of society during that period was the Jewish population which even included people with disabilities. Organizations today work towards ensuring that the vulnerable class of society is shielded against any kind of atrocities or abuse in place of neglecting them. 

Most importantly, human rights help people to make sure that their basic rights are met while encouraging freedom of speech. It also gives common people the power to stand against corruption and give equal work opportunities. Further, it protects the environment and offers an international standard that considers the government accountable for maintaining law and order within the state. 

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Writing an essay about human rights can be quite difficult. Whether you are studying human rights or need to write an argumentative essay on this subject, it is important to read as much as possible and practice a lot. Essays need to be well-researched, thorough, and convincing. Here are some really useful tips from a professional writer to help you write an argumentative essay about human rights. Follow these tips or order an essay through the writing service, check out the writemyessays review and choose the best.

1. Start with a ”hook”

In order to grab your reader’s attention, it is important to start the essay with an attention-grabbing sentence. The information should be true and verifiable, like a fact that explicitly illustrates the major points of your essay. Other great starting sentences include a quote or a question or a piece of startling information.

2. Provide a brief introduction

Every professional writer can skillfully craft a brief introduction to the topic. When writing an essay about human rights it is important to remember that you need to make the reader sense of what is there to follow. Refer to some historical background or an important milestone related to the main topic. For example, talk about when human rights were legally protected and by which organization. 

3. Always cite examples

Although it is something writes usually overlook, any example you use in the essay should be cited. Even if you are not using a direct quotation, it is still important to reference its source. The only exception is when presenting examples from your own experience or life. Citing your examples is also, a great way of adding more authenticity to your essay about human rights.

4. Use the right language and vocabulary

The language used in an essay indicates the writer’s ability to produce high-quality content. It is also an indication that you have researched to topic thoroughly and can explain your points clearly. Particularly when the topic is related to human rights, it is important to use vocabulary related to this. Words like ”discrimination”, ”dignity”, ”fundamental”, ”incitement” etc should not be missed from your essay.

5. Create sub-headings

Another great tip when writing an essay about human rights is to divide the body of your essay into sections or small paragraphs. Each paragraph should have an according sub-heading and an overarching theme. Creating sub-headings will also help you keep your ideas organized and avoid repeating yourself.

6. Write a convincing conclusion

Writers have different styles when the time comes to write a conclusion to their essays. The conclusion should briefly summarize your major points or arguments and not introduce new ideas. Conclusions are also the ideal space for making a strong finish or providing your readers with a call to action. 

7. Develop your own thoughts

Unlike academic articles or other topics, writing an essay about human rights should have a personal tone, as well. Human rights are a sensitive topic and they play a key role in everyone’s life. Even if we don’t realize it, human rights are of great importance today. In fact, the Geneva Convention on human rights has declared them as fundamental rights, however, that’s not always the case in modern societies. Thus, writers should develop their own thoughts and feelings on the topic apart from focusing on the current bibliography or literature.

8. Use specific examples

What can truly make your essay about human rights stand out is finding a solid example to demonstrate how theory works in practice. To find trustworthy and interesting examples turn to the grassroots, contact organizations, and do some research on local initiatives. That way, writers will help readers relate to that specific example on a more emotional level and manage to visualize a certain issue related to human rights. 

9. Choose the topic carefully

Human rights are an extensive topic that needs to be narrowed down before starting to write an essay. An essay should be focused on a specific subject of interest in order to grab the reader’s attention. For example, if you wish to write about the human rights of prisoners, make sure to look deeply into the intersections between human rights and criminal justice. Otherwise, you risk writing something too broad that will not provide any useful insight to your audience.

10. Avoid using too many clichés

Writing an essay about human rights can lead writers to get trapped in using clichés. That should be avoided at any cost because it will make your work look less unique and original. In order to avoid sticking to clichés, think about your main idea and create unique content, by adding as much your personal note and ideas as possible.

11. Ask yourself questions

Once you have decided on the specific topic you wish to write about related to human rights, you should start searching deeply into it. Even if you have some knowledge, it is important to read journal reports, book chapters, or other articles that can help you answer the questions you wish to answer in your essay.

12. Place the essay within a legal framework

Human rights are undoubtedly protected through regional and international laws. Placing your essay within a legal framework can prove your arguments and give a tone of authority to the final piece. Apart from your legal knowledge, you can also discuss the applicable legal frameworks in detail or use them as a way of further supporting your arguments.

Writing an essay about human rights is a complex, yet interesting task. There are several tips that can help writers create a unique and captivating essay. The most important thing, however, is to choose a specific topic within the field of human rights you are truly passionate about and try to analyze it as thoroughly as possible.

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What should a family routine be like? It is not hard to get lost in the diversity of opinions on this topic. On one side are parents with a conservative model, on the other side is modern society, which talks about equality, but accepts only the traditional roles of men and women. How important is gender equality in the family? And why is it so hard to achieve?

Many people think that gender equality is about radical feminists and men who are completely subservient to women’s will. Which, of course, is not the case. This is not a battle where there are winners and losers – everyone involved in the relationship between the sexes gets their “winnings. But to do this, we need to figure out where the truth lies and where the fears and stereotypes imposed by society lie.

WOMEN “NEED MORE THAN ANYONE ELSE”?
The previous generation of women has had its fair share of trials. First they fought for the right to education and work, and then they began to struggle with fatigue. After a hard day’s work, all the women in the country would take the second shift at home, while the men watched TV or read the newspaper.

The conservative model assumed for them the role of defender, and the fact that it was peacetime and there was no one to defend them against, it did not matter. But a woman did not dare to leave the marriage, because she was paid less at work, and society pressured her with its condemning gaze.

Today, women can earn a lot of money, they can be successful in society. For them, the traditional “but married” is no longer justified. Yes, they still want to go there, but only on one condition: it has to be good there. And for this they are willing to give up old beliefs and conservative roles in marriage. And men are not.

WHO IS THE MAN?
The modern role of men in the family is incomprehensible to them. Conservatives claim that being a support, protector and provider is their main responsibility. Only they cannot say from what or from whom a woman should be protected. And everything is not so unambiguous with the function of the breadwinner…

In today’s world, these roles are outdated. What will men do if these functions are taken away from them? When they think about it, their fear of losing power and of being ruled by women comes to the fore.

In addition, society is putting forward a new trend: conscious parenthood. Men can now take maternity leave. And many of them have the question, “My job was to conceive, do I have to do anything else?”

In fact, a father does not have to run to maternity leave immediately after the birth of a child

In the first two years of life, first of all he needs a mother. And after that, the father should be involved in the process of education – so that there was a separation from the mother and the baby develops as a person. But many men are afraid of the mere mention of maternity leave – they are not ready even temporarily leave work in favor of the harmonious development of the child.

And above all because of society. It resents, discusses and condemns, thus showing that a family with a father on maternity leave is wrong. Men can not decide what function to take on – so that then it was not painfully embarrassing. So they choose the safest, in their opinion, traditional role.

But sometimes it’s not about society.

A girl can see how the relationship of her parents, where the father provides for the family, gives gifts to mom. And she may expect the same thing from her boyfriend: “I don’t want to decide anything. I want to hold hands and get married.” And he may have already realized that he doesn’t want to take on someone else’s provision, that he needs a partner. And even if this couple can agree to start a family, the issues surrounding the birth and upbringing of children will likely lead them to divorce.

IS THERE A SOLUTION?
At the time of marriage, a couple can succumb to maximalism and chaotically distribute household chores without going into detail. And then in every conflict to measure the number of completed tasks, which will bring the relationship to a new level of misunderstanding. Therefore it is necessary to approach the issue of equality in the family thoughtfully.

You should start with the definition of the right to rest, pleasure, friends and opportunities to build a career. And then there will automatically be a question of how to divide responsibilities. After all, if one partner will drag his work, home and children, then the rest received after all the relief will not bring him.

Multitasking, which has become another modern trend, is harmful to our brain. In particular, it reduces our cognitive abilities and causes chronic fatigue, which leads to depression.

So an equal distribution of rights and responsibilities in the family is the best decision people can make before getting married. This will allow them to maintain their mental and physical health. And that means that everyone in the relationship will be able to realize their social and economic potential and just be happy to the fullest.

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In our ambiguous times, when the filibuster for women’s rights and opportunities remains a hot and hot topic, it is very easy to get confused. This is why so often one hears doubts: is it worth fighting for equal rights if men stop holding doors for you officially and you have to carry packages by yourselves, is this ambiguous feminism worth such changes?

This is why it is believed that the attempt to equalize gender is akin to the rejection of centuries-old traditions and even banal good manners. But this is not the case, because there is a huge chasm between equality and equity, and it is just worth learning to distinguish one from the other. First of all, we should always remember that feminism as an activist movement was not born so that women would learn to do men’s jobs and refuse to pay attention to their partners. Although the latter can be judged from a different angle, and we will return to the subject of attention – bouquets, chocolates, diamonds, and more.

Initially, ladies and girls were fighting for the chance to be in charge of their own lives, and this, in turn, meant that they no longer had to sit at home and have no opportunity to get an education or work. Girls now have a choice that they simply did not have before. And if you think about it, it turns out that this is a struggle for rights, that is, an attempt to level the playing field.

A controversial issue.
In fact, equality between men and women is the ability to make any decisions regarding their own lives independently. And if previously a woman was tacitly perceived as an investment in a man’s life and could only accurately express her opinion on the upcoming marriage, now modern young ladies and girls have the ability to demand equal pay for identical work, to hold positions and positions that were previously considered exclusively male, and – which, incidentally, is constantly forgotten by opponents of feminism – have the right to divorce and the subsequent quality of personal life in the future. In America, for example, women are asking for a reconsideration of the approach to child-rearing after divorce, that is, once again, a de facto equalization of rights, although this time of parental rights. Traditional parenting, where children live in the territory of the mother and meet the father on holidays, is now perceived as a stick in the wheel of a parent’s life.

Just think how hard it is for women to break out on dates, build a career, and hope for financial stability when the entire burden of childcare after a divorce rests on mom’s shoulders. And dads get away with having fun on the weekends and a life free of children, which they can use as they please. Achieving equality on this issue will help make a woman’s life better and more fulfilling!

Gentlemen, Ladies and Equality
At the same time, the very arguments that are being made about the gentlemen’s set in relation to women, just think about it for a second, are no longer about the rights and opportunities that everyone needs to live a healthy life. We are already talking here about the difference between genders, our natural difference, our need for such a difference, because men and women understandably have different ways of looking at and navigating this world. Accordingly, people who say that along with feminism all gender bonuses, such as courtship and special treatment, are simply confusing two radically different concepts – equality and equal rights.

Man and woman can never be equal After all, their union was originally justified in ancient times by better skills for survival. So the traditional notions that with women comes comfort and warmth, and men are responsible for global accomplishments and achievements, are justified primarily by nature, and if they will change, then not cardinally. This means that we should not worry that the difference between the sexes will be erased as feminism intensifies. But there is another important argument in defense of this social movement: it is the right of women to accept men’s attention or, on the contrary, to refuse it because of their weakness. And it is also a right we have, thanks to feminism.

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The equality of rights of parents with respect to a child is enshrined in the Family Code. Thus, according to the Law, both the mother and the father have equal rights and duties with respect to the child, regardless of whether they were married to each other. Dissolution of marriage between the parents and their separation from the child does not affect the extent of their rights or relieve them of their obligations with respect to the child.

Equal rights of parents with regard to a child
Thus, family law proceeds from the principle of full equality of both parents – father and mother – in all rights and obligations with respect to their children. The mother and father have no advantages in the exercise of their upbringing. They are equal subjects of law in resolving disagreements over the upbringing of children.

All questions relating to the upbringing and maintenance of the child shall be solved by the parents by mutual consent, taking into account the interests and opinions of the child.

The equality of rights and obligations is that everything concerning the child shall be decided with the consent of the parents. The law defines issues in which the father and mother of the child must necessarily come to an agreement, these include:

On the determination of the child’s last name, if the mother and father have different last names;
Determination of the name of the child;
Changing the child’s last name if one of the parents changes his or her last name;
Change of the child’s registration (how to register a child without the consent of the father or mother)
Departure of a child abroad (how to travel abroad with a child without the consent of the father)
On the upbringing of the child.

Disputes between parents over the property of a minor child may be resolved through the courts with the involvement of the guardianship authority.

Failure to fulfil or inadequate fulfilment of duties to their child
If parents do not fulfil their child-rearing duties properly or in full, they may be held liable under various forms of legal liability, including administrative, criminal and family law.

Thus, the fundamental objective of the equality of rights of parents in relation to the child is the protection of the interests of the child.

Administrative responsibility arises from the parents’ evasion of their statutory duties to provide the necessary conditions for the life, education and upbringing of minor children.

But, for malicious negligence parents, the duties of care of the child, resulting in serious consequences – faces criminal liability and entails the removal of the child from the parents.

The law states that parents can be deprived of parental rights if they evade their parental responsibilities to raise their children.

For example, if the parents fail to pick up the child from the maternity home, abuse the children, are chronic alcoholics or drug addicts, resort to exploitation of the child, or force begging and vagrancy. It is also possible to deprive parents of parental rights for malicious evasion of their responsibilities to ensure that their underage children receive a full general secondary education.

Additionally, it is worth noting that since the rights and obligations of parents are equal, both the father and the mother can be deprived of parental rights or brought to other forms of liability.

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All discrimination, unequal and inappropriate treatment, bullying and harassment are prohibited in working life. The prohibition of discrimination and unequal treatment means that all members of the workforce must treat each other appropriately.

The laws (the Equality Act, the Equal Treatment Act and the Employment Contract Act) stipulate that employers may not put employees in an unequal position. The treatment of employees cannot be influenced by:

age
your origin and nationality: your ethnic origin or the country where you were born
language spoken
religion, beliefs or opinions
political activity, membership or activity in a trade union
family relations and situations – pregnancy or maternity leave
Health or disability status
sexual orientation
biological sex, gender identity or gender expression
Other subjective reasons.

If you or your co-workers are being discriminated against, ask your employer to resolve the situation. If the discrimination doesn’t stop, contact your union or ombudsman. You can also contact occupational health officials or the Occupational Safety and Health Administration for help.

Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace
Bullying and harassment in the workplace is against the law. This means that everyone should be respected and treated appropriately. In good workplaces, everyone is supported and no one is a victim of bullying, harassment or harassment. The Occupational Safety and Health Act prohibits workplace bullying.

Remember that you, too, must be fair and decent to others. Be friendly and appreciate everyone’s hard work.

What is bullying?
Bullying can be:

Bullying and derogatory phrases
Shouting, threatening or pressuring
Gossip, rumour-mongering and false information
Isolation outside a group
Sexual harassment, insulting remarks and obscenities
Ignoring, isolating
constant and gratuitous criticism of work performance
Making it difficult to do one’s job and unfairly distributing tasks
changing jointly agreed-upon rules without permission.

Not all disruptive behavior is bullying. Bullying is not the expression of different opinions or visions about the same things.

What is harassment?
Types of sexual harassment:

Gestures and facial expressions with sexual context
Sexually colored conversations and jokes
Questions and comments about the body, clothing, and privacy
Sexually colored letters, e-mails, texts and phone calls
Touching
Sexually suggestive offers and demands.

Gender-based harassment:

Derogatory, derogatory, or rude remarks about women, men, or members of the other sex
belittling another person on the basis of gender
Gender-based harassment.

Everyone has the right to physical integrity. This means that violence and threats are prohibited in your workplace.

If you encounter examples of violence, contact the police.

What should you do if you are bullied or harassed?
Tell the perpetrator that you find his or her words and actions distasteful. Ask them to stop.

If the harassment does not stop, tell your employer. The law requires the employer to intervene immediately in such actions.

If you are afraid to speak out against the harasser, talk to your supervisor, the Occupational Safety and Health Commissioner and the Ombudsman about it. If you don’t get help, the union will help you.

If you intervene in bullying or harassment, no one has the right to treat you badly for that reason.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration will issue a warning to the employer if it has acted unlawfully or if it has not made a workplace equity plan. The employer must correct the situation. If the employer fails to do so, a warning fine will be issued.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a state agency. Contact your local authority where your workplace is located. The safety at work office monitors employers’ compliance with labor laws and advises the public about labor laws.

If a specialist at the agency suspects that discrimination violates an article of the Criminal Code that prohibits discrimination in the workplace, the specialist will make a report to the police.

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The post Equality at work appeared first on Ruk-En.

For nearly two hundred years, feminists have fought for gender equality. Yet today, women enjoy only three-quarters of the rights that men have under law, according to a 2021 World Bank report. What’s keeping women from achieving equality with men and what progress they’ve already made.

Women are paid less and are more likely to be fired and sold into slavery
Despite clear progress in protecting women’s rights, they remain more vulnerable, especially in times of crisis. UN Secretary-General António Guterres, speaking at the opening of the 66th session of the Commission on the Status of Women in March 2022, said that millions of women have had to choose between careers and domestic responsibilities, and millions of girls may not return to school after the pandemic to complete their education. He also expressed concern about the rise in violence against women human rights defenders and eco-activists. According to the UN, one in three women in the world suffers sexual or physical violence, and women and girls account for 72 percent of all detected cases of human trafficking.

Women earn nearly a quarter less than men, yet they do 76 percent of all unpaid care work for children and the elderly, the International Labor Organization estimates. During the pandemic year of 2020, the number of employed women declined by 4.2%, while men declined by 3%. As the authors of the World Bank report note, 100 countries lack a legal mandate to pay men and women equal wages for equal work.

What progress women have made in the battle for equality

World Bank experts assessed the gender equality situation in 190 countries between September 2019 and October 2020. To do this, they compared men and women in terms of wages, retirement age, entrepreneurial opportunities, position in the family, parenthood and other parameters.

Ten countries – Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Portugal and Sweden – were at the top of the gender equality ranking. Women there have the same opportunities as men.

However, even in “gender-equal” countries they cannot boast of a large number of women holding high positions. Thus, in Europe only 7% of public companies are headed by women, in the USA this figure is 6%. The majority of women among executives in Norway, they manage 26% of publicly traded companies. According to Deloitte data, the majority of women on the boards of such organizations are in the same Norway (42.4%) and France (43.2%).

Experts of the International Labor Organization noted that the reduction of gender disparity in the labor sphere could increase the world GDP by $5.8 trillion by 2025.

According to historians, gender stereotypes were formed with humanity’s transition from hunting and gathering to farming and sedentary life. Gathering was practiced equally by both sexes. Then the agricultural revolution took place. And it turned out that men went to plow the field, and there had to be someone who cooked them food and fed them.

The “male breadwinner and female breadwinner” model began to be criticized in the mid-19th century, when women’s organizations appeared in Europe and the United States. First-wave feminists fought for political freedoms and access to education. The second wave (1960-1990) fought for career equality. Members of the third generation (1990-2008) addressed issues of sexual and gender identity. Today feminists fight against harassment and promote body positivity.

How the fight for gender equality leads to discrimination

Interestingly, in developed countries, the fight for gender equality is already leading to the infringement of men’s rights. For example, in 2020, the mayor’s office in Paris, headed by Anne Hidalgo, was fined €90,000 for the fact that 69% of senior positions in the city administration were occupied by women. And in Sweden, there is a “glass ceiling” for men who want to work as nannies, elementary school teachers, and janitors, according to research from Linköping University and the University of California.

In 2017, engineer James Damore and a colleague sued Google, accusing the company of “discriminating against conservative white men.” They accused the corporation of using illegal quotas to hire as many women and minorities as possible.

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The post Why there is no equality between men and women in the world appeared first on Ruk-En.

The general theoretical foundations of human rights and freedoms originate in the political and right-wing doctrines of antiquity. For example, the sophists (Antiphon, Lycophron, Alcidam) noted as early as the 5th-4th centuries B.C. that all people are equal by nature and have the same natural rights conditioned by it. This includes, first and foremost, freedom as the highest value of human life. The ancient Greek philosopher and statesman Cicero was one of the first theorists of natural law, who noted the political rights of the individual and the right of private property. At the same time, the exercise of political rights in antiquity was defined as the free expression of the will of the individual, whose legal capacity was determined by the presence of citizenship. Thus, the first legal form of human rights was the inalienable rights of a citizen of the ancient polis.

The legal status of man in society and the State during the Middle Ages was predetermined by divine law. Rights were interpreted as privileges granted by the monarch to his subjects. Their volume depended on a person’s belonging to a certain class or corporation and decreased as he went down the ladder of social hierarchy. During the early bourgeois revolutions of the 17th-18th centuries, the idea of natural law was revived.

The representatives of the natural law theory were J. Locke, H. Grotius, Montesquieu and Jefferson. They singled out as fundamental rights – the right to life, security, freedom, property, resistance to oppression. These rights are natural, i.e., inherent to a person from birth, whether or not they are written down in law, and inalienable, i.e., not dependent on the form of political structure, and the state has no right to alienate them, and sacred – they have priority, they must be the highest social value.

Historically, the first pieces of legislation on the rights and freedoms of citizens were the North American States Bill of Rights of 1791 and the U.S. Declaration of Independence of 1776. The declaration stated, “…all men are created equal and endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. To secure these rights, governments are established by men, deriving their lawful authority from the consent of the governed.

The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen of 1789 enshrined political and civil rights. In addition to the natural law approach to the understanding of human rights, the positivist approach is well known. For example, the natural legal concept is based on the denial of the role of the state as the subject of human rights, on the idea of their extra-state origin and independence from state recognition. Legal positivism, on the contrary, denies any non-state origin of human rights and assumes the principle of rational self-value. However, the diversity of concepts does not prevent the formation of a universal conception of human rights, the key point of which is respect for individual rights as a universally recognized principle of international law, according to which all states have an obligation to respect historically attained standards of human rights.

Human rights are relationships that define the place and role of the individual and citizen in society and the state, the nature of the individual’s realization of his/her capabilities and the limits set by the state, as well as the ways of ensuring and protecting these rights. At the same time, the legal status of the individual is determined by the presence of three groups of rights and freedoms, among which socio-economic, civil and political, and personal rights and freedoms are distinguished. Socio-economic rights, for example, define the position of the individual as a member of civil society and include the right to property, the right to work and the right to rest.

Political rights and freedoms are inherent to the individual as a member of the political community and include the right to vote, the right to information, freedom of speech, press, opinion, conscience, and the right to form unions and assemble. Personal rights and freedoms belong to the individual as a physical person and do not depend on citizenship. They include three groups of rights and freedoms, among which stand out rights and freedoms that protect against arbitrariness on the part of others and protect against arbitrariness on the part of the state. In particular, these include the right to life, inviolability of the person and home, resistance to violence, the right to liberty, as well as the secrecy of correspondence and freedom of movement.

The legal status of the individual also implies the institution of duties of citizens, which began to take shape after World War II. The traditional duties are: obedience to laws and other regulations, payment of taxes, and military service.

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The post History of Human Rights appeared first on Ruk-En.